Evaluation of The Essential Oil Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Achillea eriophora as a Medicinal Plant

Document Type: Original article

Authors

1 Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

2 Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

Abstract

Background & Aim: Achillea (Fam. Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant and different species of it have several uses in the folk medicine all around the world. Achillea species are used for feverish conditions, common cold, digestive complaints, slow healing wounds and skin inflammations. This study aims to investigate the essential oil composition and antioxidant activities from the aerial parts of Achillea eriophora collected from Khash city in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Experimental: Chemical composition of the essential oils was obtained by hydro-distillation method using a Clevenger type apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. Results and Discussion: In the essential oil of Achillea eriophora 33 compounds representing 100%, were identified in which Camphor (21.55 %), Artemesia ketone (13.84%), Alpha-Thujone (11.85%), Borneole (8.94%), Yomogi alcohol (7.74%), 1,8-cineole (5.19%), Terpinene-4-ol (4.23%) and Myrtenol (3.10%) were the major constituents. In addition, the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Achillea eriophora was analyzed using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. According to antioxidant activity outcomes, the amount of IC50 of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts of Achillea eriophora and also butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) as a standard was 245.20 ppm, 89.25 ppm and 45.58 ppm, respectively. Ultimately, it was highlighted that the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract was weaker than ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity of both of them were also weaker than BHT as a synthetic antioxidant. Some compounds like 1, 8-cineole and terpinen-4-ol can be responsible for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, while Camphor and borneol have not been proven to be strong antioxidant agents as emphasized elsewhere. Recommended applications/ industries: The results of the present study showed that Achillea eriophora from Sistan and Baluchestan may be considered as source of natural antioxidant to be used in medicinal and food products to promote human health and prevent diseases.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی ترکیب اسانس و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی Achillea eriophora به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی

Authors [Persian]

  • مالک طاهر مقصودلو 1
  • جعفر ولی زاده 2
  • جواد متقی پیشه 1
  • ناهید راه نشان 1
1 گروه شیمی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران
2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

مقدمه و هدف: بومادران ( از خانواده Asteraceae) یک گیاه دارویی است که گونه های مختلف آن استفاده های متعددی در طب سنتی در سراسر جهان دارند. گونه های بومادران برای درمان در شرایطی همچون تب، اختلالات شایع گوارشی، درمان تدریجی زخمها و التهاب پوست مورد استفاده قرارمی گیرد. هدف در این مطالعه بررسی ترکیب اسانس و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی در بخشهای هوایی Achillea eriophora جمع آوری شده از شهر خاش در استان سیستان و بلوچستان است.
روش تحقیق: ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس جمع آوری شده با روش تقطیر آبی توسط دستگاه کلونجر با استفاده از GC/MS مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت.
نتایج و بحث: در اسانس Achillea eriophora سی و سه ترکیب شناسایی شدند که Camphor (55/21%(، َArtemesia ketone (84/13%)، Alpha-Thujone (85/11%)،Borneole (94/8%)،  Yomogi alcohol(74/7%)، 1,8-cineole (19/5%)،  Terpinene-4-ol(23/4%) و Myrtenol (10/3%) مهمترین ترکیبات تشکیل دهنده بودند. به علاوه فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره به دست آمده با اتیل استات و اتانول با استفاده از معرف DPPH و بر اساس خاصیت مهار رادیکالهای آزاد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که IC50 برای عصاره استخراج شده با اتیل استات و عصاره اتانولی بخشهای هوایی و نیز BHT به عنوان استاندارد به ترتیب 20/245، 25/89 و 5845 پی پی ام بود. در نهایت باید خاطر نشان شد که فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره اتیل استات ضعیف تر از عصاره اتانولی بوده و هر دو عصاره در مقایسه با BHT به عنوان آنتی اکسیدان مصنوعی ضعیف تر عمل کردند. برخی از ترکیبات مانند 1,8-cineole و Terpinene-4-ol می توانند مسئول فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و ضدمیکروبی باشند در حالیکه Camphor و Borneole به عنوان آنتی اکسیدانهای قوی مورد تایید قرار نگرفته اند.
توصیه های کاربردی/صنعتی: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که Achillea eriophoraکشت داده شده در سیستان و بلوچستان می تواند به عنوان منبعی از آنتی اکسیدانهای طبیعی در نظر گرفته شود و در محصولات دارویی و غذایی برای ارتقای سلامتی انسان و جلوگیری از بیماریها استفاده شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • Achillea eriophora
  • اسانس
  • camphor
  • فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی
  • سیستان
  • بلوچستان

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Journal of Medicinal Herbs,

Volume 5, Issue 4
Winter 2015
Pages 187-192

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