Effects of Jasmonic acid on essential oil yield and chemical compositions of two Iranian landraces of basil (Ocimum basilicum) under reduced irrigation

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology Science, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran

2 Medicinal Plants Department, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, 88146, Iran; Medicinal Plants Program, College of Natural Sciences, Massachusetts University, Amherst, 01003, MA, USA

Abstract

Background & Aim: Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), a plant that is extensively cultivated in some countries, is used to enhance the flavour of salads, sauces, pasta, confectioneries and other products as both a fresh and dried herb. The effect of foliar application of Jasmonic acid and reduced irrigation on essential oil yield and chemical components of two Iranian landrace of basil (Ocimum basilicum) were investigated. Experimental: Treatments comprised control, 0.0, 200 and 400 µL Jasmonic acid applied to plants under normal irrigation and stressed conditions (30 and 60% F.C) based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The essential oils from the aerial parts of basil were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Results & Discussion: Results indicated that the different levels of Jasmonic acid and irrigation had significant effects on oil yield and some main components of the essential oil. The highest value of oil content was obtained from application of 400 µL JA. Percentage of some chemical constituents in the essential oil extracted from the plants under stress was higher than non-stressed plants. Foliar application of Jasmonic acid significantly improved methyl chavicol in the oils, but reduced Germacrene- D, α-Cadinol and δ-Cadinene amounts. Industrial and practical recommendations: Since, essential oil of basil, particularly methyl chavicol component, have many application in pharmaceutical and perfumery industry and has health benefits such as antiviral, antibacterial and antispasmodic activity, we can use Jasmonic acid elicitor to enhance the therapeutic properties of basil and also essential oil content and methyl chavicol of plant.

Keywords

Article Title [فارسی]

اثر اسید جاسمونیک بر راندمان و ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس دو نژاد بومی ریحان ایرانی (Ocimum basilicum) تحت تنش خشکی

Authors [فارسی]

  • فاطمه ملک پور 1
  • اعظم سلیمی 1
  • عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی 2
1 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 گروه گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران گروه علوم گیاهی ، کالج علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه ماساچوست، ماساچوست، آمریکا
Abstract [فارسی]

مقدمه و هدف: ریحان Ocimum basilicum یک گیاه دارویی است که به طور وسیعی در بعضی کشورها کشت می شود  و به صورت تازه و خشک شده برای افزایش عطر و طعم سالاد، سس، ماکارونی، شیرینی و سایر محصولات به کار می­ رود. در این پژوهش، اثر محلول پاشی اسیدجاسمونیک و کمبود آبیاری بر عملکرد و ترکیبات اسانس دو نژاد بومی ریحان ایرانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق:تیمارها شامل اسیدجاسمونیک (کنترل، 200 و 400 میکرولیتر) و تنش خشکی (بدون تنش، 30 و 60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بود که بر اساس یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. ترکیبات اسانس حاصل از قسمت های هوایی  توسط   GC-FID و   GC/MSشناسایی گردید. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف اسید جاسمونیک و آبیاری اثر معنی داری بر عملکرد و برخی از اجزای اصلی اسانس داشت. بالاترین میزان اسانس  با تیمار 400 میکرولیتر اسید جاسمونیک به دست آمد. درصد برخی از ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس گیاهان، تحت تنش خشکی بالاتر از گیاهان بدون تنش بود. محلول پاشی اسید جاسمونیک به طور قابل توجهی میزان ترکیب متیلچاویکول را افزایش داد، اما میزان ترکیبات جرماکرنD، آلفا-کادینول، دلتا کادینن را کاهش داد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی:از آنجایی که اسانس ریحان به ویژه ترکیب متیل چاویکول در صنعت داروسازی و عطرسازی کاربرد دارد و دارای خواص درمانی نظیر خاصیت ضدویروسی، ضدباکتریایی و ضداسپاسم می باشد، می توان از الیسیتور اسیدجاسمونیک برای افزایش خصوصیات درمانی ریحان بهره جست و میزان اسانس و ترکیب متیل چاویکول را در گیاه افزایش داد.

Keywords [فارسی]

  • ریحان
  • اسیدجاسمونیک
  • متابولیت های ثانویه
  • تنش خشکی

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